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Section 299

Section 299- Culpable homicide

Indian Penal Code

Section 299- Culpable homicide

Table of Contents

Introduction

Section 299 and 300 of The Indian Penal Code addresses murder. All murders are culpable homicides, but not all culpable homicides are murders. Culpable homicide is a genus, and murder is its species; thus, murder is a culpable homicide, but not all culpable homicides are murder.

The term “homicide” is derived from Latin, where homo means man and cide means to cut. Thus, the definition of homicide is the killing of a man by another man. Culpable homicide is a punishable offence under the law. Homicide can be either legal or illegal. There are two types of culpable homicide:

  • Culpable homicide amounting to murder.
  • Culpable homicide not amounting to murder.

Culpable homicide

Culpable homicide is defined under Section 299 of the Indian Penal Code. Culpable homicide means the act done by a person who causes the death of another with an intention of causing death or causing such bodily injury that is likely to cause death, or he has knowledge that the act committed by him is likely to cause death, is said to commit the offence of culpable homicide.

Illustration

  • X is diagnosed with a terminal illness and to live from day to day he needs certain drugs. Y confines X in a room and prevent him from taking his medication. Here, Y is guilty of culpable homicide.
  • A knows Z to be behind a bush. B does not know it A, intend­ing to cause, or knowing it to be likely to cause Z’s death, induces B to fire at the bush. B fires and kills Z. Here B may be guilty of no offence; but A has committed the offence of culpable homicide.
Explanation 1

A person who causes bodily harm to another who is suffering from a disorder, disease, or bodily infirmity, thereby hastening that other’s death, is deemed to have caused his death.

Explanation 2

When death is caused by bodily injury, the person who causes such bodily injury is deemed to have caused the death, even if the death could have been avoided by using proper remedies and skilled treatment.

Explanation 3

The death of a child in the mother’s womb is not considered homicide. However, causing the death of a living child may constitute culpable homicide if any part of that child has been brought forth, even if the child has not breathed or been completely born.


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